State facts
Connecticut: homes, climate zones and who licenses the work
Connecticut has 1.5 million housing units. 67.2% were built before 1980, and the median year built is 1967. 66.5% of occupied homes are lived in by their owners.
How old the homes are
Connecticut housing units, by year built
Layers drawn to scale
Age changes what applies to a house. In general, anyone paid to do work that disturbs painted surfaces in a home built before 1978 must be certified in lead-safe work practices under the EPA's Renovation, Repair and Painting Rule, which the EPA administers directly in Connecticut.
How homes are heated
How homes in Connecticut are heated
Main heating fuel, share of 1.4 million occupied homes
- Utility gas 36.3%
- Fuel oil or kerosene 36.3%
- Electricity 18.4%
- Propane or other tank gas 5.8%
- Wood 1.4%
- Other fuel 1.0%
- No fuel used 0.5%
- Solar energy 0.2%
- Coal or coke <0.1%
Climate and building zones
The 2021 International Energy Conservation Code assigns every county a climate zone from 1 to 8 and a moisture regime: A for moist, B for dry, C for marine. Zones 7 and 8 have no letter. Here is how Connecticut's residents divide among them, by the county they live in.
| IECC 2021 zone | Share of residents | Counties |
|---|
ENERGY STAR rates windows, doors and skylights for four climate zones of its own. Connecticut spans 0: .
By NOAA's 1991–2020 climate normals, counties here average 121 days a year with a low of 32°F or colder, weighted by where people live. The range runs from 92 days in the mildest county to 152 in the coldest.
Flood risk and flood insurance
2.1% of residential structures in Connecticut carry a National Flood Insurance Program policy: 21,002 policies, in FEMA's count as of August 3, 2026.
In FEMA's National Risk Index, 5 of 9 counties rate high or very high for riverine flooding; 3 of 9 counties rate high or very high for coastal flooding; 6 of 9 counties rate high or very high for hurricanes.
Fire ants and termites
No county in Connecticut is inside the federal imported fire ant quarantine.
Who licenses the work in Connecticut
Before anyone starts work, check the license with the agency below. Where the state does not license a trade, cities and counties may; ask the one where the house is.
- Pest control A pesticide application business needs a Certificate of Registration from DEEP, and everyone applying pesticides professionally needs a DEEP certificate, with indoor structural work falling under General Pest Control 7A. Agency: Connecticut Department of Energy and Environmental Protection. Look up a license. Who to call about pest control.
- Heating and cooling Heating, piping and cooling work, including air conditioning and refrigeration systems, requires a state occupational license (contractor or journeyperson) issued by the Department of Consumer Protection after an exam. Agency: Connecticut Department of Consumer Protection. Look up a license. Who to call about heating and cooling.
- Window replacement and other home improvement Home improvement contractors, including those who replace doors and windows on residential property, must hold a certificate of registration from the Department of Consumer Protection. Agency: Connecticut Department of Consumer Protection. Look up a license. Who to call about window replacement.
- Mold remediation No statewide license. Connecticut does not license mold abatement contractors; the Department of Public Health publishes voluntary guidelines only. Who to call about water damage and mold.
Checked 2026-09-29. Licensing rules change; the agency's own page is the authority.
Sources
- U.S. Census Bureau American Community Survey 2020–2024 5-year estimates, tables B25034, B25035, B25040 and B25003 data.census.gov
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory Guide to Determining Climate Zone by County: Building America and IECC 2021 Updates basc.pnnl.gov
- U.S. Department of Energy Prototype Building Models (climate zones 1–8 and moisture regimes A, B, C) energycodes.gov
- ENERGY STAR Climate zones by county for windows, doors and skylights energystar.gov
- NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information U.S. Climate Normals 1991–2020, annual and seasonal ncei.noaa.gov
- Federal Emergency Management Agency OpenFEMA NFIP Residential Penetration Rates (as of 2026-08-03) fema.gov
- Federal Emergency Management Agency National Risk Index, county ratings fema.gov
- USDA Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service Imported fire ant quarantine map aphis.usda.gov
- Electronic Code of Federal Regulations 7 CFR part 301, subpart P, Imported Fire Ant ecfr.gov
- Connecticut Department of Energy and Environmental Protection portal.ct.gov portal.ct.gov
- Connecticut Department of Energy and Environmental Protection portal.ct.gov portal.ct.gov
- Connecticut Department of Consumer Protection cga.ct.gov cga.ct.gov
- Connecticut Department of Consumer Protection portal.ct.gov portal.ct.gov
- Connecticut Department of Consumer Protection portal.ct.gov portal.ct.gov
- Connecticut Department of Consumer Protection cga.ct.gov cga.ct.gov
- portal.ct.gov portal.ct.gov portal.ct.gov
- epa.gov epa.gov epa.gov